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Braniff Airways Flight 250 crashed near Falls City, Nebraska, on August 6, 1966, en route to Omaha from Kansas City, Missouri. Thirty-eight passengers and four crew members were killed in the crash, which occurred in a farm field late on a Saturday night. In-flight structural failure due to extreme turbulence in an avoidable weather hazard was cited as the cause. == Overview == The plane was a BAC 1-11-203AE, registration manufactured in December 1965.〔 The cockpit crew consisted of Captain Donald Pauly, 47, and First Officer James Hilliker, 39. Captain Pauly was highly experienced with 20,767 flying hours, 549 of which was in the BAC-1-11. He had type ratings in the DC-3, the DC-6, DC-7 and a Convair. First Officer Hilliker was less experienced, with 9,269 flying hours, 685 in the BAC-1-11. He had two type ratings: The BAC-1-11 and "Convair" as the NTSB Report stated. Flight 250 was operated by Braniff between New Orleans and Minneapolis with stops in between at Shreveport, Ft. Smith, Tulsa, Kansas City, and Omaha.〔 It departed Kansas City at 22:55 on an IFR clearance to Omaha at FL200. However, the crew asked if they could remain at because of the weather. The flight remained at until permission was received at 23:06 to descend to 5,000 feet.〔 At 23:08 the crew contacted a company flight that had just departed Omaha. This flight reported moderate to light turbulence. About four minutes later the aircraft entered an updraft within an area of active squall line of severe thunderstorms. The 1-11 violently accelerated upward and in a left roll. At this time the right tailplane and the fin failed.〔 The aircraft then pitched nose down and within one or two seconds the right wing failed as well. The plane tumbled down in flames until stabilizing into a flat spin before impacting the ground. The probable cause was in-flight structural failure caused by extreme turbulence during operation of the aircraft in an area of avoidable hazardous weather.〔 The crash occurred on a farm about north-northeast of Falls City, in a soybean field only from a farmhouse.〔 Braniff regulations prohibited a plane from being dispatched into an area with a solid line of thunderstorms; however the company forecast was somewhat inaccurate with respect to the number and intensity of thunderstorms and the intensity of the associated turbulence. Braniff dispatchers were aware that their flight 255 had delayed departing Sioux City for Omaha by one hour to allow the storm to pass Omaha; they also knew that their flight 234 from St. Louis to Des Moines had diverted to Kansas City due to the storm. They did not inform the crew of these events believing they were too far from the route of flight 250 to be relevant. However, the crew was aware of the severe weather and the First Officer suggested that they divert around the activity. The Captain elected to continue the flight into the edges of the squall line.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Aircraft Accident Report Braniff Flight 250 August 6, 1966 )〕 Dr. Ted Fujita, a renowned weather researcher and professor of meteorology at the University of Chicago, was hired by British Aircraft Corporation, the manufacturer of the BAC 1-11, to study how the weather affected the jet. Dr. Fujita is recognized as the discoverer of downbursts and microbursts and also developed the Fujita scale, which differentiates tornado intensity and links tornado damage with wind speed. At its fortieth anniversary in 2006, a memorial was placed at the crash site. This crash is covered in detail in the book ''Air Disaster (Vol. 1)'' by Macarthur Job, illustrated by Matthew Tesch. US television drama ''Mad Men'' referenced this accident briefly in the season 5 episode "Signal 30". In the series, client Mohawk Airlines also operated the BAC 1-11. (All times Central Standard Time. Daylight time was used only in Minnesota along the flight's route until 1967.) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Braniff Flight 250」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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